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Rubber products are heavily employed in seals, hoses, gaskets, and other industrial processes in which they will be in contact with oils, fuels, and other chemicals. The test mimics actual exposure conditions to determine swelling, volume changes, and possible degradation of rubber products. It is essential in making sure that the chosen rubber compound is intact and retains its functional characteristics when exposed to various liquid environments.
| Immersion Procedure | Rubber specimens are immersed in a test liquid at a specified temperature for a designated time. |
| Measurement | Before and after immersion, the specimens are measured for mass, volume, and hardness changes. |
| Calculation and Reporting | The percentage change in properties is calculated and reported to determine material compatibility. |
| Test Containers | Glass containers or sealed vessels are used to prevent contamination or evaporation of liquids. |
| Temperature-Controlled Baths | Maintain consistent and accurate temperatures throughout the test duration. |
| Sample Preparation | Specimens are cut into standard shapes and sizes, cleaned, and dried prior to testing. |
The results are quantified in terms of mass, volume, and hardness changes of the rubber samples. Excessive swelling is a high volume or mass increase, which may cause mechanical failure under actual use. Mass loss may indicate leaching of additives or degradation of the rubber matrix. Hardness changes indicate changes in the elastic nature of the material. By comparing the changes against tolerable industry standards or material specifications, the manufacturers can identify whether a rubber compound is fit for particular environments.
| Service Name | Remarks |
|---|---|
| ASTM D471 Testing | Contact US |
Some other ASTM standards supplement ASTM D471, such as ASTM D412 for rubber tensile properties and ASTM D2240 for determination of hardness. ASTM D573 also covers the heat aging effect on rubber properties, while ASTM D2000 offers classification systems for rubber used in automotive applications.
ASTM D471 is a widely used standard in industries like automotive, aerospace, oil and gas, and chemical processing. It ensures rubber components can withstand fluids and lubricants without compromising performance. In chemical plants and refineries, it guides material engineers in selecting rubber compounds that can withstand harsh liquid environments without degradation.